Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the walls.The disease occurs as a result of impaired outflow from the veins;most often the disease is localized in the lower limbs.This is the most common pathology that occurs in vascular diseases.It occurs several times more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can appear in women with varicose veins, in men in the form of varicocele and in any person in the form of hemorrhoids.Often, pregnancy is a provoking factor for the development of this condition, since changes in the rheology of the blood towards thickening, as well as the increased pressure of the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease develops as a result of incompetence of the venous valves, changes in the vascular wall (its expansion, reduced elasticity).
How are varicose veins manifested?
This pathological process does not start completely suddenly, but initially the symptoms of varicose veins are not typical and can be attributed to simple fatigue.The overflowing of the veins with blood is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the legs, and fatigue when walking and standing for long periods of time develops more quickly than before.
At this stage, the treatment and prevention of the disease are most effective, but many do not pay attention to this, so they most often go to the doctor in already severely advanced cases.
The formation of vascular networks in the form of "stars" or "bundles" begins to cause some discomfort, because in addition to increased fatigue and the appearance of swelling, many women are concerned about the very fact that the appearance of the legs becomes less aesthetic.
Blood stagnation in the vessels does not disappear on its own, so the disease begins to progress.As a result, the swelling becomes more pronounced, does not disappear after taking a horizontal position, muscle pains appear, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of leg cramps, which are especially characteristic of this disease, the skin of the legs becomes dry and irritated.
At the same time, the veins begin to stand out, which are clearly visible under the skin, like blue threads, some of them change their shape, become denser and narrower.The patient is concerned about changes in skin color and itching.If phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, becomes harder, and the skin in the area becomes red.
With varicose veins in the pelvis, pain most often occurs in the lower part of the abdomen, which is characterized by intensification when lifting heavy objects, before the start of menstruation and during sexual intercourse.All these situations lead to blood flow and increased congestion.The provoking factor for the development of varicose veins of the small pelvis is pregnancy and childbirth.
Features of circulatory disorders in deep veins
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that only causes problems for the fairer sex, but this is not the case.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart passes through the deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, with the predominance of such a phenomenon as deep venous varicose veins, do not differ from other variants of the disease - heaviness appears in the legs, edema develops, which increases with the progression of pathological changes, and later a change in skin color and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area appear.
There are cases when varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower extremities develop secondarily, as a result of stagnation in all veins, since outflow disorders in the superficial vessels cause an increased load on the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
Treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic and surgical.In a conservative way, you can alleviate the condition if the changes in the veins are not too pronounced;for this there are venotonics, ointments and gels for local application.All this is combined with wearing compression hosiery.
Surgical methods include many methods for radical relief of severe varicose veins.This includes phlebectomy, crossectomy and vein extraction.Among modern methods, endoscopic vein surgery is practiced.